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C©nbpsS tcmK§fIäm³ kwtbmPnX amÀK§Ä

C©n hfsc {][m\s¸« Hcp kpKÔhnfbmWv. `mcX¯n 8,39,400 slIvSÀ Øe¯v C©n Irjn sN¿p¶p. hÀj¯n GItZiw 3,06,960 S¬ C©n DXv]mZn¸n¡p¶p. CXn Gdnb ]¦pw hntZi cmPy§fntebv¡v Ibän Abbv¡pIbpw hfscb[nIw hntZi\mWyw cmPy¯n\v t\Sn¯cpIbpw sN¿p¶p. C©n, km[mcWbmbn ]¨¡dnbmbpw  DW¡n Np¡v  cq]¯n BbpÀthZacp¶pIfnepw `£W ]ZmÀ°§fnepw D]tbmKn¨phcp¶p.    hnhn[Xcw tcmK§fpsSbpw IoS§fpsSbpw B{IaWwaqew C©n¡v DXv]mZ\¯n hfscb[nIw IpdhpWvSmImdpWvSv. C©nsb _m[n¡p¶ tcmK§sf¸än C\n¸dbp¶p.  aqSvNob AYhm ISNob tcmKw      Cu tcmKw {][m\ambpw a®neqsSbpw, tcmKw _m[n¨ C©n hn¯neqsSbpamWv ]Icp¶Xv. tcmKw _m[n¨ Øe¯v \n¶pw tiJcn¡p¶ hn¯n tcmKmWp¡Ä AS§nbncn¡pIbpw, A\pIqe AhØbn tcmKw ]IcpIbpw sN¿p¶p. tcmKwh¶ tXm«§fn hoWvSpw Irjnbnd¡pt¼mgpw tcmKw hym]n¡p¶p. tcmKImcnbmb IpanÄ CuÀ¸¯nsâ km¶n[y¯n s]äps]cpIpIbpw tcmKw hÀ²n¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. tcmKmWp sNSnbpsS arZpeamb thcpIsfbpw {]Iµ§sfbpw B{Ian¡p¶p. tcmK_m[nXamb sNSnIfpsS IS`mKw NobpIbpw, thcpIÄ Noªv \in¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. X·qew sNSnIÄ¡mhiyamb [mXpehW§fpw Pehpw a®nÂ\n¶v BKncWw sN¿m³ IgnbmsX CeIÄ aª\nd¯nemIp¶p. ]pdw CeIfn aª \ndw BZyw {]Xy£s¸SpIbpw {ItaW apIfnepÅ CeIfntebv¡v hym]n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. tcmKm{IaWw cq£amIpt¼mÄ sNSnIfpsS XWvSv {]IµhpambpÅ _Ôw thÀs]«v \ne¯v hogp¶p. Nob kw`hn¨ XWvSnÂ\n¶pw {]Iµ§fn \n¶pw ZpÀKÔw han¡pIbpw sN¿pw.     agbpsS Bcw`t¯mSpIqSnbmWv Cu tcmKw tXm«¯n DWvSmImdpÅXv. \oÀhmÀ¨ Ipdª tXm«§fn tcmKw hfsc thK¯n hym]n¡p¶p. tXm«¯n Hcp XS¯n tcmKw {]Xy£s¸«mÂ, aäv XS§fntebv¡v agshůneqsS hym]n¡p¶p.  \nb{´W amÀK§Ä        aqSvNob _m[n¨ tXm«§fnÂ\n¶p hcpwhÀjt¯bv¡pÅ hn¯n©n tiJcn¡mXncn¡pI. AYhm BhiyamsW¦nÂ, tcmKw _m[n¨ XS¯nÂ\n¶v amdn, tcmKm{IaWw CÃm¯ XS§fn \n¶pam{Xw hn¯v tiJcn¡pI. tiJcn¨ hn¯v ssUt¯³ Fw.45 aq¶v {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXntem _mhnÌn³ cWvSv {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXntem IeÀ¯nb emb\nbn 30 an\näv kabw ap¡nsh¡pI. AXn\ptijw XWe¯n«pW¡n ]pXaqSn kq£n¡mhp¶XmWv. i¡IoS§fpsS B{IaWs¯ XSbp¶Xn\mbn Iyp\mÂt^mkv 3 aoÃn aoäÀ Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXn IeÀ¯nb emb\nbn hn¯v 30 an\näv ap¡nbtijw XWe¯pW¡n ]pXbn«v kq£n¡mw. tXm«¯n \à \oÀhmÀ¨ Dd¸v hcpt¯WvSXmWv. tcmKm{IaWw IWvSpXpS§nbm tcmKw _m[n¨ sNSnIsf NpäpapÅ at®mSpIqSn  ]ngpXpamän I¯n¨v \in¸n¡Ww. tcmKm{IaWw DWvSmb XS¯nepw, AXn\v NpäpapÅ sNSnIfpsS Nph«nepw ssUt¯³ Fw-45 F¶ IpanÄ\min\n 3 {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXn IeÀ¯nb emb\n Hgn¨psImSp¡Ww.  ss{St¡msUÀa F¶ an{XIpanÄ 3x1 aoäÀ hnkvXmcapÅ XS¯n 50 {Kmw F¶ tXmXn NmWIw Asæn th¸n³]n®m¡v F¶nhtbmSv tNÀ¯v C©n \Sp¶ Ahkc¯n {]tbmKn¡p¶Xv aqSvNob tcmKs¯ \nb{´n¡phm³ klmbn¡pw. aqSv Nob _m[n¨ tXm«§fn IpdªXv ap¶phÀjw Ignªp am{Xta hoWvSpw Irjnbnd¡mhp. tcmK_m[ DWvSmIphm³ km[yXbpÅ tXm«§fnÂ, kqcyXm]¯nsâ klmbt¯msS a®ns\ AWphnapàam¡nbXn\p tijw (soil solarization) C©n¡rjn sN¿mhp¶XmWv.  aªfn¸ptcmKw (Yellow Disease)     Cu tcmKw aqSvNob tcmKs¯t¸mse, a®neqsSbpw tcmKw _m[n¨ C©nhn¯neqsSbpw  ]Icp¶p. Cu tcmKw tIcf¯n henb tXmXn Irjn\miw hcp¯p¶Xmbn ImWp¶nÃ. tcmKwaqew C©nbpsS DXv]mZ\hpw DXv]¶§fpsS KpW\nehmchpw Ipdbp¶Xmbn IWvSphcp¶p. tcmKw _m[n¨ sNSnIfnse {]Iµ§fpsS Pemwiw Ipdªv Npfnªp t]mIp¶p. hÀjIme¯mWv tcmKw {]Xy£s¸Sp¶sX¦nepw agbpsS A`mh¯n Xo{hamIp¶p. tcmKw ]nSns]« sNSnIfn CeIfpsS ]mÀiz§fn aª\ndw DWvSmIp¶XmWv tcmKe£Ww. sNSnbpsS ]pdw CeIfnemWv BZyw tcmKe£W§Ä {]Xy£s¸Sp¶Xv. XpSÀ¶v IS`mKw sNdpXmbn \ndw amdn Noªpt]mIp¶p. IS`mK¯v \n¶v XWvSpIÄ thÀs]SmsX \n¡pIbpw, {ItaW sNSn DW§pIbpw sN¿p¶p. Cu tcmK¯n\v ImcWw ^yqtkdnbw HmIvknkvt]mdw F¶ IpanfmWv. a®neqsSbpw, shůneqsSbpamWv tcmKw aäp sNSnIfntebv¡v  ]Icp¶Xv.  tcmK\nb{´W¯n\mbn tcmKw _m[n¨hbpsSbpw NpäpapÅ sNSnIfpsSbpw Nph«n _mhnÌn³ F¶ IpanÄ\min\n 2 {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXn IeÀ¯nb emb\n Hgn¨p sImSp¡Ww.  hm«tcmKw (Bacterial Wilt)   C©n¡rjnsb _m[n¡p¶ tcmK§fn {][m\s¸«  asämcp tcmKamWv hm« tcmKw.  hn¯neqsSbpw a®neqsSbpw Cu tcmKw hym]n¡p¶p.  \oÀ hmÀ¨ CÃm¯ tXm«§fn hfsc thK¯n Cu tcmKw ]Icp¶p.  agbpsS Bcw`t¯mSp IqSnbmWv tcmKm{IaWw DWvSmIp¶Xv.  dmÄtÌmWnb skmft\knbmcw F¶ _mIvSocnbbmWv tcmKw DWvSm¡p¶Xv.  tcmKw _m[n¨ tXm«§fn \n¶pw tiJcn¨ hn¯nepw, tcmK_m[bpWvSmb a®nepw Cu _mIvSocnb kpjp]vXmhØbn IgnbpIbpw A\pIqe ImemhØbn tcmKw DWvSmhpIbpw sN¿p¶p.  tcmKw ]nSns]« sNSnIfpsS CeIÄ Xmtg¡v NpcpWvSv hmSn\n¡p¶p. sNSnIfpsS IS`mKw Noªp t]mIp¶Xn\m XWvSv hfsc thK¯n IS`mK¯p \n¶v ASÀ¶p amdp¶p. Noª XWvSpIfn \n¶p IS`mK¯p \n¶pw ZpÀKÔw han¡pw.  tcmKw _m[n¨ XWvSv apdn¨v sXfnª shůnen«mÂ, apdnª A{K`mK¯v \n¶v ]pI cq¯n Hcp {ZmhIw shůntebv¡v Hen¨nd§p¶Xp ImWmw. sNSnIfpsS {]Iµ§Ä, Xo s]mÅteäXp t]mse \ndw amdpIbpw, Noªv ZpÀKÔw han¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. \nb{´W amÀ¤§Ä    tcmKw _m[n¨ sNSnIsf NpäpapÅ at®mSp IqSn ]ngpXpamän I¯n¨v \in¸nt¡WvSXmWv. aäpÅ XS¯ntebv¡v tcmKw _m[n¨ at®m, sNSnItfm CScpXv.  shůn tcmKw _m[n¨ sNSnItfm at®m IeÀ¯p¶Xv aäpÅ tXm«§fn tcmK_m[bv¡v ImcWamIpw.  tIm¸À AS§nb IpanÄ \min\nIÄ cWvSv {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXn IeÀ¯n tcmKw _m[n¨ tXm«§fn Hgn¡p¶Xpw »n¨nwKv ]uUÀ 2 {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn IeÀ¯nb emb\n XS§Ä¡v Npäpw Hgn¡p¶Xpw tcmKw ]IcmXncn¡m³ klmbn¡pw.  tcmKw _m[n¨ tXm«§fn \n¶pÅ hn¯v tiJcn¡cpXv.  {]kvXpX IrjnbnS§fn IpdªXv 5 hÀjt¯¡v C©nIrjn Hgnhmt¡WvSXmWv.   Ce¸pÅn tcmKw (Leaf Spot Disease)    Cu tcmKw agbpsS BKa\t¯msS tXm«§fn DWvSmIp¶p.  CeIfn sNdnb Ip¯pIÄ {]Xy£s¸SpIbpw Ah hepXmbn, Ce DW§n t]mIp¶XpamWv tcmKe£Ww.  Cu tcmK¯n\p ImcWw ^ntÃmÌnIvämPn³Pns_dn F¶ IpanfmWv.  Cu Ipanfnsâ hn¯v ag¯pÅnbneqsS k©cn¡pIbpw, A\pIqe kmlNcy¯n CeIsf B{Ian¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.  CeIÄ DW§p¶XnepsS sNSnIfpsS hfÀ¨ apcSn¡p¶Xnsâ ^eambn DXv]mZ\w Ipdbp¶p.  tcmKw ]IcmXncn¡m³ _mhnÌn³ F¶ IpanÄ \min\n 2 {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXntem ssUt¯³ Fw-45 aq¶v {Kmw Hcp enäÀ shůn F¶ tXmXntem IeÀ¯n CeIfn Xfn¡Ww.   hnhc§Ä¡v IS¸mSv - ^mw C³^Àtaj³ _yqtdm, Xncph\´]pcw